THEME ALIGNMENT

INDUSTRY PROBLEM

The construction sector is under pressure to deliver projects that are faster, more cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable. The established construction methods are subjected to long project timelines, high material usage, and on-site carbon emissions. The modular construction can be a transformative solution with promising potential in delivery time, quality control, and efficiency in cost and carbon. However, there are still gaps in knowledge and practice to be investigated. Currently, there is no systematic comparison between conventional construction and modular construction methods that captures the full range of trade-offs, including time, cost, carbon emissions, and long-term sustainability. The absence of research evidence makes it difficult for engineers and policymakers to evaluate the true advantages of modular construction, which poses challenges in defining the pathways needed for sustainable construction. Additionally, without a robust evaluation framework and clear guidance on policies, standards, and technology adoption, the construction industry risks limiting the utilization of modular construction or inappropriate applications. Addressing these limitations will contribute to more sustainable developments and accelerate the construction transformation.